Introduction and pair production and annihilation scool. Antimatter has the same structure as ordinary matter, but all the signs of the particles are reversed. Topics include atomic and nuclear physics, electricity and magnetism, heat transfer. Antiparticles resemble their corresponding particles in every way except for the sign of their charge and the direction of their spin. Stable and unstable nuclei electromagnetic force, strong.
Particles and antiparticles are created and destroyed in pairs. Most types of particles have a corresponding antiparticle. Physics a level revision notes on matter and antimatter. Aqa alevel physicsparticles and antiparticles wikibooks. Particles and antiparticles a subatomic particle that has the same mass as another particle but opposite value of some other properties is called antiparticle. Detailed notes section 02 particles and radiation aqa physics a. An atom normally has the same number of protons and electrons. Free 18 rajanirnair menstrual cycle in a flow chart. F bqv is used to calculate the force acting on a charged particle moving through a magnetic field, where its velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. This is incredibly useful to see the similarities between the different generations of matter. Antimatter, substance composed of subatomic particles that have the mass, electric charge, and magnetic moment of the electrons, protons, and neutrons of ordinary matter but for which the electric charge and magnetic moment are opposite in sign. This has the same rest mass, but at least one property which is opposite to that of the particle. Alevel physics revision notes milo noblet june 2017 1 particles speci c charge charge mass in a z xnotation.
There appear to exist approximate leptontype conservation laws. Every type of particle has a corresponding antiparticle, for example the positron is the antiparticle of the electron. The key information for subatomic particles are shown in the table below. Physicsdrills exemplar lab reports for all 12 aqa a level physics required practicals. Constituents of the atom proton, neutron, electron, charge, mass, atom, isotope, specific charge. Topological features of feynman diagrams are straightforwardly associated with terms in the matrix element represent particles and antiparticles. Matter and antimatter to describe the difference between particles and antiparticles to be able to explain what annihilation is to be able to explain what pair production is antimatter british physicist paul dirac predicted a particle of equal mass to an electron but of opposite charge positive. And these experiments look for the most elementary constituents of matter. Their mass is converted into energy in the form of photons. Normally, the number of protons and electrons are equal and the overall charge of an atom is zero. As physics chapter 1 notes matter and radiation a level notes. These necessarily involve probing at extremely small length scales typically of the order of 10. A level physics particles questions aqa maths made easy. For example, the positron is the antiparticle of the electron.
Figure 1 shows some of the particles and their antiparticles. Aqa alevel physicsparticles and antiparticlesparticle. The discovery of neutron by chadwick in 1932 raised their number to four. As level physics syllabus content and rag record as paper 12. Jun, 2016 this is lesson 4 of chapter 1 of my alevel physics course and is a free sample powerpoint from my entire 80 powerpoint to buy scheme of work. In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle with no sub structure, i. Annihilates the particle and itself if they meet, converting their total mass into photons, has exactly the same rest mass of the particle, and has exactly opposite charge to the particle if the particle has a charge. Particles and antiparticles the antiparticle theory states that every particle has a matching antiparticle that. Antiparticles are usually denoted with a line above ve is an electron. Notes on particles and antiparticles grade 12 physics.
When a particle and its antiparticle meet, in most cases they annihilate each other and their mass is converted into energy. Particles and antiparticles flashcards in a level and ib. Particles, antiparticles and photons, a level physics. Antiparticles and pair production flashcards in a level and. Exemplar lab reports for all 12 aqa a level physics required practicals. Elementary particles in physics 1 elementary particles in physics s. Aqa as and alevel physics specification marksphysicshelp. Particle physics free download as powerpoint presentation. Particles make up our universe and they interact with each other in very specific ways. The standard model of particle physics, which classifies elementary particles into several groups, is at the core of modern physics. This means that the overall charge of an atom is zero or neutral. Word nucleon is used for a proton or a neutron in the nucleus. Nuclear and particle physics are essentially at the forefront of nowadays understanding of physics.
Answers to examinationstyle questions mr toogood physics. Quarks and antiquarks are the fundamental particles. The result is energy in the form of gamma ray photons andor other particles being produced. Now, you think of these being the only particles there are, but, unfortunately, theres lots of other kinds of particles which are smaller and do all kinds of crazy things. When an antiparticle meets its corresponding particle the two annihilate each other. This is an example of mass being converted into energy but it can also work the other way around with energy being converted into mass. Candidates should know that every particle has a corresponding antiparticle. It is written and maintained by a fully qualified british physics teacher.
An atom consists of protons, neutrons and electrons. For example, the antiparticle of the electron is a positron, which has the same mass as that of the electron but has a positive charge equal to the protons positive charge. Charge matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Alevel physics physics alevel resources for aqa, ocr and. Through rutherfords alphascattering experiment, we know that every atom contains. However, antimatter particles are routinely created in particle accelerators. Aslevel physics lesson particles and antiparticles. Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them. Rag guidance when you have finished learning about a topic colour in column 1 green if you feel you understand it very well, amber if you understand it quite well but are not completely confident and red if you feel your understanding is limited. In this model, three of the four fundamental forces of physics are described, along with gauge bosons, the particles that mediate those forces. More generally, an antiparticle is signified by a short line drawn above it. The antimatter particles corresponding to electrons.
A level physics particles and antiparticles teaching. It was developed in stages throughout the latter half of the 20th century, through the work of many scientists around the. Uses the breithaupt textbook pages as instructions for questions at the end. Using concept mapping to learn about a level physics students. Particle physics flashcards in a level and ib physics. Annihilates the particle and itself if they meet, converting their total mass into photons, has exactly the same rest mass of the particle, and has exactly opposite. Every particle has an antiparticle, according to the standard model for describing fundamental particles and interactions. Rag guidance when you have finished learning about a topic colour in column 1 green if you feel you understand it very well, amber if you understand it quite well but are not completely confident. Anti particles resemble their corresponding particles in every way except for the sign of their charge and the direction of their spin. Has the same rest mass and rest energy has opposite charge.
Pair production is the creation of a particle and its antiparticle when a gamma ray photon passes close to a nucleus. Includes a powerpoint presentation with notes, tasks and answers. Cp violation, neutrino physics and physics beyond the. Particles and anti particles are created and destroyed in pairs. Help with gcse physics, aqa syllabus a as level and a2 level physics.
But, for certain atoms, electrons in the outer shell of. Specific charge charge of a specific particle divided by its mass. In the past several decades an enormous amount of experimental information has been accumulated, and many patterns and sys. Dec 10, 2017 a high energy photon may, under certain circumstances, produce a particleantiparticle pair through the process of pair production. Particle physics has been a compulsory part of a level physics specifications in.
Every subatomic particle has a corresponding antiparticle. Any charged particles moving in a magnetic field will experience a force. Griffiths, introduction to elementary particle physics, 2nd edition, wiley. In this bit, weve got a lot to go into, but its all very easy stuff, and if you remember one key rule, youll be fine. Feynman diagrams extensively throughout this course.
A level physics revision notes milo noblet june 2017 1 particles speci c charge charge mass in a z xnotation. The standard model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions, and not including the gravitational force in the universe, as well as classifying all known elementary particles. The standard model for particle physics is the phrase used to describe the fundamental interactions forces between all the particles that we know. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Alevel physics physics alevel resources for aqa, ocr. This is the set of lecture notes i prepared for teaching this undergraduatelevel course at. Alevel physics revision science section on particles and antiparticles. Matter and antimatterwe live in a universe composed of matter particles e. It is also called high energy physics, because many. What does concept mapping tell us about a level students. Langacker elementaryparticle physics deals with the fundamental constituents of matter and their interactions. Fundamental particles, nuclear physics from alevel physics. Jan 10, 2016 all of aqa particles and radiation explained with lego a level physics revision duration. Antiparticle can be defined as a subatomic particle having the same mass as a given particle but opposite electric or magnetic properties.
Dec 23, 2010 introduction by the year 1932, only three elementary particles namely electron, proton and photon were known. Physics revision site recommended to teachers as a resource by aqa, ocr and edexcel examination boards also recommended by bbc bytesize winner of the iop web awards 2010 cyberphysics a physics revision aide for students at ks3 sats, ks4 gcse and ks5 a and as level. At i demonstration of the range of alpha particles using a cloud chamber, spark counter or geiger counter. The standard model or particle physics 101 nick hadley quarknet, july 7, 2003. Particles a level physics aqa revision study rocket. Annihilation, atom, charm, lepton, baryon, bottom, antiparticle, down, neutrino, hadron, meson. There are 6 types of quark, of which two occur in protons and neutrons. Antiparticles are usually denoted with a line above ve is an electron anti. Using your existing textbook to help you teach our new alevel physics specification from september 2015, the following resource shows where you can continue to use content from your current nelson thornes aqa alevel physics textbooks aslevel isbn 9780748782826, a2 isbn 9780748782819.
Worksheet and video links on the topic of particles, antiparticles and photons for a level physics, covering, covering annihilation, pair production and photon energy. Spin 12 quarks and leptons spin 1, w, z g and each interaction point vertex with a each vertex contributes a factor of the coupling constant, g. Although gravity isnt technically included in the standard model, theoretical physicists are working to extend the. Before we get to those forces, lets group them into categories with similar properties. Physics alevel revision notes on matter and antimatter.
The scheme of work for chapter 1 is also available here for free and includes step by step lesson points and ideas plus links to the aqa syllabus. Every type of particle has a corresponding antiparticle, for example. The two processes are pair production and pair annihilation. On the other hand, one particle and one antiparticle, should they come into contact with each other, annihilate to give out 2 photons i. Fundamental particles, nuclear physics from alevel. Learning about a level physics students understandings of particle. When a particle and its antiparticle meet each other they annihilate each other. This energy is then free to reappear as pairs of fundamental particles, e. Find out more by reading our comprehensive notes section all about particles and antiparticles. Pair annihilation is when a particle and its antiparticle collide. Atoms are so small 1010, need an electron microscope to view them. But, for certain atoms, electrons in the outer shell of an atom can be easily removed.